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KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver introduction KA8510 is a monolithic circuit which can be used for high performance 46/49mhz mca type cordless phone sys tem . it is a transceiver ic for fm/fsk transmitting/receiving sys- tem, and is a complete one chip fm/fsk transceiver ic of 46/ 49mhz which includes transmitting and receiving functions for fm/fsk, a compandor to remove external noise, and pll (phase locked loop) of channel selection function which blocks surrounding frequency interference. it has wide range of applications to fm/fsk transmitting/re - ceiving of vhf bandwidth, including the cordless phone, and narrow band voice and data transmitting/receiving system. to make applications easy and simple, peripheral parts were mi- nimized. features operating voltage range : 2 ~ 6v typi cal supply current : 20ma at 3v built-in dual conversion receiver, transmitter, compandor and pll compandor part - easy gain control to use external component - included alc (automatic level control) circuit - mute logic, data amp fm transmitter p art - included variable capacitance - adjustable power amp gain fm receiver part - complete dual conversion circuit with rf amplifier - excellent input sensitivity (0.7 m vrms at 12db sinad) pll part - 10/15 channels selectable (both transmitter/receiver) - include oscillation circuit with external crystal (10.24mhz) - unlock detector (phase difference more than 6.25 m s) device package operating temperature KA8510q 64-qfp-1420c -25 c ~ + 75 c 64-qfp-1420c ordering information
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver block diagram 5 12 13 14 51 50 47 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 35 33 3 64 60 59 58 55 52 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 32 2 6 4 rf osc 1 fm modulator 63 61 phase detector 8 9 10 phase detector 11 unclock detector 15 16 17 18 19 prog.tx prescator rx amp prog.rx prescater detector 20 21 compandor mute vco tx tx amp reference divider osc ( 10.24mhz ) 57 56 vco rx 54 53 1 ? st mix 2 ? nd mix 49 48 46 x - tal osc if amp ( 10.7mhz ) if amp ( 455khz ) quad detector limiting if amp meter driver amp 37 36 carriier detector 34 carriier deeteoorr gain cell - + - + alc 22 rectifier - + gain cell 15k 15k 30k 30k 10k v ref 24k 51k 33k v ref 10k 30k 10k 15k fsk comp - + 125k 125k 125k v ref limiter 62 1 ? st amp 7 mo frosc gndtx varicap md mi co pdt pdr vcorx ldt gndpll test1 test2 mode d0 d1 d2 d3 1 loi 1 mo 2 mi 2 mi 2loi 2loi li 2 mo li ld2 gnd rx qci rao dsci dsco mdo cdo v ref ( comp ) ld1 alc epi erc eo v cc ( comp ) gnd comp cpi+ cpi- crc agc di emute cmute 26 1loi 1mi 1mi rfc rfe rfb gndpll v cc (pll rx) v cc (pll tx) rf out ampo tx ampi tx v cc(tx)
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver pin configuration pin description 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 1 loi 1 mi 1 mi rfc rfe rfb gdn pll v cc(pll rx) v cc(pll tx) rf out ampo tx ampi tx v cc(tx) mo rf osc gnd tx varicap md mi co pdt pdr v corx ldt gnd pll test1 test2 mode d0 d1 d2 d3 alc epi erc eo v cc(comp) gnd (comp) cpi + cpi - crc agic di cmute emute 1 loi 1 mo 2 mi 2 mi 2 loi 2 loi 2 mo v cc(rx) li ld2 ld1 gnd rx qci rao dsci dsco mdo cdo v ref(comp) KA8510 pin no symbol description 1 mo it generates carrier signal and modulates frequency. the audio signal enters the mi terminal and causes the internal reactance to vary, which changes the frequency generated from the coil tank, resul- ting in frequency modulation. 2 rf osc input terminal of rf carrier signal. by varying the capacitor value, which is connected between mo terminals, the amount of frequency modulation (hz/mv) can be adjusted. larger capacitor value increases the amount of modulation. 3 gnd tx ground. ground of a transmitter part. 4 varicap variable capacitor included in the chip. since the rf oscillation frequency changes according as the detected pulse error at pll influences the variable capacitor, it becomes useful when a channel is being changed. 5 md ac bypass terminal of fm modulator. a capacitor is connected between this terminal and gnd. 6 mi input terminal of rf modulator. it inputs an audio signal through the comp- ressor of compandor to modulate fm. variation of rf generated frequency per voltage (mv) at this terminal beco- mes the sensitivity of frequency modulation.
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver pin no symbol description 7 co it is a compressor output terminal of compandor, and is connected to the modulation input terminal of transmitter. 8 pdt it is a phase detector output terminal of transmitter at pll. if f tx > f ref or f tx is leading -> output is negative pulse. if f tx < f ref or f tx is lagging -> output is positive pulse. if f tx = f ref and the same phase -> output is high impedance. 9 pdr it is a phase detector output terminal of transmitter at pll. if f rx > f ref or f rx is leading -> output is negative pulse. if f rx < f ref or f rx is lagging -> output is positive pulse. if f rx = f ref and the same phase -> output is high impedance. 10 vco rx this is a variable capacitor terminal, and is included in the chip. it is used as an input terminal where 1 ? st local oscillation frequency is oscillates. the internal variable capacitor has the value of 10~25pf according to the applied voltage (0.7~v cc ) 11 ldt it is an output terminal of lock detector of transmitter stage at pll. output is low if pll is in lock state, and is high if pll is in unlock state. 12 gnd pll ground it is used as ground of logic section at pll. 13 test1 this terminal tests operation of pll. it is operated together with test2. when it is not in use, a resistor is connected between v cc and this terminal. 14 test2 it is an input terminal for pll test. when test is set to high, outputs of rx- programmable divider and tx-programmable divider can be tested at ldt terminal. 15 mode it is pll ? s mode selection terminal. this terminal is set to high if it is used for the base set of a cordless phone, and is set to low if it is used for the hand set of a cordless phone. 16 17 18 19 d0 d1 d2 d3 it is a decode input terminal for pll ? s channel selection. four bit binary code of d0(lsb) ~ d3(msb) are given by micom. these inputs have internal pull down devices 20 e mute it is expander mute terminal of compandor, and is the final mute block of an expander located next to the receiver terminal. it blo- cks the data signal of micom being transmitted to an user, and is connec- ted to the rx mute terminal of micom. expanding is executed if it is low.
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver pin no symbol description 21 c mute it is a compressor mute terminal of a compandor. mute block is inserted before the data input terminal of compressor to avoid dupli- cation of data transmission from micom (between the base and hand set) with the voice signal. it is connected to the tx mute terminal of micom. compressing is executed if this terminal is high, and compressor mute is executed if it is low. 22 di it is a data input terminal of compressor, and is used to transmit data of handset micom to baseset, or data of baseset micom to handset. this terminal is connected to the data output terminal of micom. 23 agic this terminal is used for bypassing an ac element at the feedback loop which comes from the sum amp block of compressor. a capacitor should be connected between this terminal and gnd. 24 crc this terminal is used for converting waveform from the full wave rectifier to dc element at the rectifier block of compressor. (rc = 22msec) 25 cpi - it is a pre amp inverting input terminal of compressor, and is used for adjusting the negative feedback loop gain. (in application, gain is 5) 26 cpi + it is a pre amp non- iverting input terminal of compressor, and is used as an input terminal for voice signal. 27 gnd comp ground ground of compandor 28 v cc(comp) supply voltage power supply terminal of compandor 29 eo it is an output terminal of expander, which a regenerated voice sig- nal comes out. 30 erc this terminal is used for inverting waveform from the full wave rectifier to dc element at the rectifier block of expander. (rc = 22 msec) 31 epi it is a sum amp input terminal of expander. after the demodulated signal passed through the 2 ? nd order low pass filter, the voice signal enters this terminal.
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver pin no symbol description 32 alc it is a input reference voltage terminal of alc (automatic level control). alc circuit may be turned off according to the alc reference voltage, or magnitude of output voltage may be limited if it is higher than a certain level. it is used for adjusting thd of output voltage of compressor to less than 3% or to limit the frequency deviation of tx in case the input is higher than a certain level. 33 v ref(comp) it is a voltage reference (v ref = 1v) used for supplying a constant voltage to the compressor and expander of compandor. 34 cdo it is an output terminal of a carrier detector, and outputs the contents of a buffer of a meter driver which is turned on/off according to a certain sig- nal level detected by the meter driver. since this terminal is an open collec- tor output type, it requires a pull-up resistor, and is connected to rssi ter- minal of micom. 35 mdo it is an output terminal of a meter driver. (rssi : received signal strength indicator) amplitude of rf input signal for useful frequency is detected by a meter driver circuit. the meter driver circuit has perfect linear characteristic of 60db range for input signal level. (0.1 m a/db) 36 dsco it is an output terminal of data slicing comparator. it separates fsk (frequency-shift keying) serial data and executes data shaping and limiting. 37 dsci it is an input terminal of data slicing comparator, and is a non-inverting type with negative input terminal biased to 1/2 v cc . 38 rao it is a recovered audio output terminal. voice signal which is detected by quadrature detector is amplified and then is output via this terminal. 39 qci it is a quadrature coil input terminal. the 455khz oscillator circuit is com- prised of l p = 680 m h, c p = 180pf, lc tank circuit. voice signal is detected by mixture of 455khz (by phase difference) with is converted from se- cond mixer. 40 gnd rx ground ground for receiver
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver pin no symbol description 41 42 43 ld1 ld2 li it is a limiter input and decoupling terminal, and is used for removing am- plitude modulation element caused by fading or noise of fm signal. limiting if amplifier amplifies and limits second intermediate frequency 455khz signal. the input impedance of limiting if amplifier is designed to 1.5kohm. while fm wave is transmitted with constant magnitude, its magnitude is slightly modulated due to the reflection from obstacles, fading phenome- non, noise wave, etc., and mixed with am wave element before it enters the receiver ? s antenna. the limiter makes uniform amplitude by removing these am wave ele- ment. 44 v cc(rx) supply voltage this terminal is used for supplying power to a receiver. 45 2 mo it is an output terminal of second mixer. second intermediate frequency 455khz, generated by mixing first intermediate frequency (10.7mhz) and second local oscillator, is output. 46 47 2 loi 2 loi it is an input terminal of second local oscillator. it generates second local oscillator frequency to convert output from first mixer (10.7mhz) to second intermediate frequency. it is an oscillator with crystal of 10.24mhz,10.245 mhz. 48 49 2 mi 2 mi it is an input terminal of second mixer. output from first mixer is entered to second mixer input terminal via 10.7mhz ceramic filter. second mixer converts frequency to second intermediate frequency (455khz : am if). 50 1 mo it is an output terminal of first mixer. signal from the first mixer and freque- ncy of first local oscillator are mixed and become first intermediate freque- ncy, which is then output through this terminal. the output terminal is made of emitter follower with an output impedance of 330ohm to match 330ohm input/output impedance of 10.7mhz ceramic filter. 51 52 1 loi 1 loi it is an input terminal of first local oscillator. the local oscillator is a voltage controlled oscillator. local oscillation fre- quency and received frequency are mixed at the first mixer and then are converted to first intermediate frequency of 10.7mhz.
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver pin no symbol description 53 54 1 mi 1 mi it is an input terminal of first mixer. this mixer is made of double balanced multiplier. received signal (46/49 mhz) amplified at rf amp is input to this terminal. 55 rfc it is an collector terminal of rf amplifier transistor. amount of amplification can be selected using the resistor load at rf amp- lifier collector. 56 rfe it is an emitter terminal of rf amplifier transistor. the gain of rf amp can be adjusted using the resistance of emitter dege- neration. i e = 1.5ma when emitter of rf amp is connected to the ground, and vol- tage gain on 1 kohm of collector load is av = 20db 57 rfb it is a base terminal of rf amplifier transistor. base of tr is biased internally to about 0.8v from the common-emitter am- plifier design. this rf amp amplifies subtle signal received by the antenna to proper size for conversion into first intermediate frequency (10.7mhz). 58 gnd ground ground for analog at pll. 59 v cc(pll rx) supply voltage this terminal supplies power from pll to rx ecl area. 60 v cc(pll tx) supply voltage this terminal supplies power from pll to tx ecl area. 61 rf out this terminal outputs transmission frequency (46/49mhz) from rf oscilla- tor. tx spurious characterestics can be adjusted by connection a capacitor between pin 63 and this terminal. 62 ampo tx this is an output terminal of a power amp, and is open collector type. it provides 2 point oscillation and amplification to narrow the bandwidth of transmitter output. 63 ampi tx this terminal controls the gain of a power amp, and is open base type. the amp gain can be selected by connecting a variable resistor between v cc and this terminal. 64 v cc (tx) supply voltage it is a v cc of transmitter. it permits voltage supply to use seperately if the tran- smission output is desired.
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver absolute maximum ratings ( ta = 25 c) electrical characteristics characteristics symbol value unit maximum supply voltage v cc 7 v power dissipation p d 600 mw junction temperature t j + 125 c operation temperature t opr -25 ~ + 75 c storage temperature t stg -65 ~ + 150 c characteristic symbol test conditions min typ max unit operating voltage v cc - 2.0 - 6.0 v total operating current i cc - - 20 - ma receiver (v cc = 5v, f c = 49.7mhz, f dev = 3khz, f mod = 1khz, ta = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) operating current 1 i cc 1 rfin = 1mvrms v cc = 3v - 3.5 6.0 ma operating current 2 i cc 2 v cc = 5v, rfin = 1mvrms - 4.5 7.0 ma input for -3db sensitivity v lim rfin = 1mvrms ? 0db rfin = 1mvrms ? -3db - 0.7 2.0 m vrms input for 20db sensitivity v i(sen) modulation input none modulation input - 0.7 2.0 m vrms s/n ratio s/n modulation input none modulation input 48 55 - db recoverd audio output v o(ra) rfin = 1mvrms f mod = 1khz f dev = 3khz 210 350 490 mvrms noise output level v no rfin = none input - 250 400 mvrms recoverd audio output voltage drop v o(rad) v cc = 5v ? 2v rfin = 1mvrms -8 -1.5 - db direct output voltage v o(det) rfin = 1mvrms 1.6 2.3 3.0 v dc carrier detector throshold v th(det) rfin = none input r l(34) = 10k w 0.49 0.60 0.73 v dc
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver electrical characteristics (continued) characteristics symbol test conditions min typ max unit receiver ( t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) comparator threshold voltage difference d v th (comp) v i (comp) = 1khz, 150mv p-p r l (37) = 180k w 70 110 150 mw comparator output voltage 1 v oh (comp) 2 3.8 4.25 - v dc comparator output voltage 2 v ol (comp) 2 - 0.25 0.5 v dc second mixer coversion voltage gain d g v (2m) v i (54) = 1mvrms r l (50) = 330 w 14 18 22 db first mixer coversion voltage gain d g v (1m) v i (48) = 1mvrms r l (45) = 330 k w 17 21 26 db am rejection ratio amr rfin = 1mvrms am mod = 30% 25 35 - db detector output distortion thd det rfin = 1mvrms - 2.0 3.0 % detector output resistance r o (det) rfin = 1mvrms - 1.4 2.0 k w detector output dc voltage change ratio d v o (det) rfin = 1mvrms - 0.12 0.2 v/ khz meter drive slope mds - 70 100 135 na/db first mixer input resistance r i (1m) f c = 50mhz 500 690 - w first mixer input capacitance c i (1m) f c = 50mhz - 7.2 10 pf limitter input sensitivity v i (lim) f c = 455mhz, 20db s/n - 100 250 m vrms second mixer input sensitivity s v (2m) f c = 10.7mhz, 20db s/n - 10 25 m vrms first mixer 3rd order intercept 3rd - - -2.2 - m vrms rf amp dc current gain g i (amp) v cc = 5vdc 1.0 1.5 2.5 m vrms
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver electrical characteristics (continued) characteristics symbol test conditions min typ max unit transmitter (v cc = 3v, f c = 49.86mhz, t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) operating current i cc v cc = 3v 1.0 1.5 2.0 ma modulation senstitivity s mod v in = 0.9 ~ 1.1v 100 150 200 hz/mv maximum deviation d f (max) v in = 0 ~ 2.0v 40 70 120 khz first amp bias voltage v bias v in = open 0.5 0.7 0.9 v first amp rf out voltage v rf f o = 49.860mhz 100 300 - mvrms variable capacitance v cap zero bias - 30 - pf compressor (v cc =3v, f=1mhz, ta = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) operating current i cc no signal - 3.6 6.0 ma reference voltage v ref no signal 0.9 1.0 1.1 v dc standard output voltage v o(comp) v inc = 13mvrms ? 0db 240 300 340 mvrms d g v1(comp) v inc = -20db -0.5 0 +0.5 db d g v2(comp) v inc = -40db -1.0 0 +1.0 db compressor output distortion thd comp v inc = 0db - 0.5 1.0 % mute attenuation ratio att mute v inc = 0db, cmute = gnd 60 80 - db compressor limitting voltage v lim(comp) v inc = variable 1.15 1.35 1.50 v p-p alc v alc - 280 325 360 mvrms expander (v cc = 3v, f = 1mhz, ta = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) standard output voltage v o(exp) v ine = 180mvrms ? 0db 110 130 160 mvrms d g v1(exp) v in = -10db -0.5 0 +0.5 db expander gain difference d g v2(exp) v in = -20db -1.0 0 +0.1 db d g v3(exp) v in = -30db -1.5 0 +1.5 db expander output distortion thd exp v in = 0db - 0.5 1.5 % mute attenuation ratio att mute v in = 0db 60 85 - db expander maximum output voltage v oexp(max) v ine = variable thd = 10% 500 600 - mvrms compressor gain difference
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver electrical characteristics (continued) characteristic symbol test conditions min typ max unit pll (v cc = 3v, ta = 25 c, unless otherwise specified) i ih v in = v cc - 0.5v 30 50 80 i il v in = 0v - 0 1 v ih i in = 20 m a 1.2 1.5 1.7 v il i in = 3 m a 0 0.3 0.5 v oh 1 pdt, pdr : i o = 1ma( sourcing) 2.3 2.7 3.0 v ol 1 pdt, pdr : i o = 1ma(sinking) 0 0.3 0.5 v oh 2 ldt : i o = 1ma( sourcing) 2.3 2.7 3.0 v ol 2 ldt : i o = 1ma(sinking) 0 0.3 0.5 tx counter f tx f in(tx) = 42mhz 300mv p-p -1 fout +1 hz rx counter f rx f in(rx) = 42mhz 300mv p-p -1 fout +1 hz input current input voltage output voltage m a v v v
KA8510 1chip analog cordless transceiver application circuit 60 62 63 64 1 2 3 5 9 10 11 12 13 14 20 21 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 59 28 27 26 57 56 55 58 rf osc first amp vco tx t x amp fm modulator 4 6 phase detector prog.tx prescaler 8 phase detector prog.rx prescaler 61 unlock detector rx amp compandor mute decoder 15 16 17 18 19 reference divider osc 10.24mhz 7 rectifier alc - + 25 - + 22 gain cell 15k 15k 30k 30k v ref 24k 51k 3k limiter - + 125k 125k 125k v ref 1 ? st mix vco rx x - tal osc 2 ? nd mix if amp (10.7mhz) if amp (455 khz) quard detector limiting if amp amp 38 meter driver carrier detector rectifier gain cell - + + + + + + 24 23 + + v cc + v cc + ant 1.8 m h l1 22p flt1 6 4 3 2 q1 ksc1674y r2 47k c4 56p c5 10n l2 22uh c7 10 m f 4 3 2 5 1 r4 240k c9 10n c10 2p c8 10p 27p t3 c11 10n c56 6p r5 56k c13 4.7n c15 0.47 m f r10 6.8k c17 1 m f/tan c19 10n r14 56k r11 1k r13 10k c18 1 m f/tan r15 150 c20 10n d0 d1 d2 d3 pll data emute cmute c26 4.7n r18 390k t x data c27 2.2 m f c28 2.2 m f c29 1 m f r30 56k mic input expander output c32 2.2 m f rssi r x data expander input receiver output c34 4.7 m r47 10m r44 68k r48 27k vr4 50k r49 27k c35 10n c42 10n r52 470k c43 10n r51 22k r53 68k c45 68n t4 c45 68n c44 10n 455khz y1 10.24mhz c47 56n 27p cv1 20p 10.7mhz c49 10n c50 33p t5 c54 10 m f l3 22 m h c53 220 m f c51 10n r54 220 fet1 2sk544 c57 12p comp t x pwr t6 + r7 20k r50 10k vr2 50k c16 2.2n r9 1.5k r43 6.8k 15k 10k 10k

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